Historical retrospective · Layer 2

Cross-chain bridges became a central security concern

Bridges coordinate representations or messages across networks, often using validators, multisignatures, light clients or canonical rollup contracts.

Event / milestone year: 2022First published

Their design determines where custody and verification trust sit, making a bridge more than a simple transport link.

Major incidents pushed security review toward bridge signers, upgrade keys and message-verification logic.

A token shown on another chain may rely on a bridge claim; users should identify the exact representation and exit route.

Primary source

This retrospective summarizes the source below in original language and links to the primary record used for the briefing. This is not investment, legal or security advice.

Ethereum bridge documentation ↗