Historical retrospective · Security

Exchange failures renewed attention to hot and cold wallet controls

Major incidents across the industry highlighted how exchanges segregate assets, restrict signing and monitor withdrawals.

Event / milestone year: 2022First published

Wallet architecture is only one layer; key ceremonies, access control, reconciliation and incident procedures all influence customer exposure.

Custody became a mainstream topic in both technical security and regulatory policy.

Customer claims about reserve controls should be independently examined; proof of reserves alone may not establish liabilities or legal ownership.

Primary source

This retrospective summarizes the source below in original language. The displayed year refers to the dated event, proposal or specification; it is not the article’s publication date. This is not investment, legal or security advice.

NIST digital identity and key management overview ↗